February Bloomers

Walking around the garden today looking for signs of bloom brought a few surprises among the expected early bloomers. Hellebores, always reliable (and not the least surprising) are a welcome sight as our grey, wintery Puget Sound days slowly lengthen.

Nodding Hellebore, the Lenten Rose, unknown cultivar

Nodding Hellebore, aka Lenten Rose, an unknown cultivar

hellebore-buds5New stems emerge laden with buds over last year’s blackening leaves.  I usually wait to see the swelling buds before cutting away the spent leaves.

When the flowers finally open the newer leaves are still relatively small, which makes them less likely to vie for attention with drooping flowers. Later in the summer the large, heavily serrated leaves are the dominant feature of the plant.

Because of their nodding habit the flowers deserve closer inspection.

hellebore2

hellebore6

hellebore7

hellebore3

Newer Hellebores showing up in the nursery trade continue ascending upward, as the breeders work mightily to remove their nodding habit from the plant’s history. Droop no more is the Hellebore breeder cry!

Helleborus x ballardiae ‘Cinnamon Snow’ awaiting planting

The recently purchased Cinnamon Snow cuItivar, still in the growers pot in the above photo, stands tall besides the older Hellebore clump. Time will tell if it reverts back to the familiar drooping habit.

While the Hellebores were the stars of the garden, an alpine plant in a four inch pot started blooming early in the greenhouse.

gentian1

Gentiana acaulis ‘Holzmannbeginning to open

gentian2

This Gentian, Gentiana acaulis ‘Holzmann’ is destined for a new hypertufa trough I’m hoping to get make later this spring.

Erica canaliculata, a South African Tree Heath, too tender to survive reliably in my neck of the woods, continues to bloom in a pot.  Up close the tiny blooms are a nice surprise.

erica caniculata2

erica caniculata1We’ve had a few hard freezes this winter that might have threatened the small potted Heath.  Fortunately it was easy to grab the Tree Heath pot and bring it inside our mudroom for protection. In a warmer climate this would be unnecessary.  On the other hand, if you live where it seldom freezes, beware of planting it into your garden. In Northern California, Erica canaliculata has escaped from cultivation and threatens native species. At the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, in Marin County, it has justifiably earned the reputation of a noxious weed. https://www.nps.gov/goga/index.htm

Berry Beautiful

The two cotoneaster shrubs in my garden are always interesting no matter the season.   Stunning green leaves with deep veining, creamy white flowers in spring (sometimes slightly pinkish) followed by red berries that persist long after the leaves have dropped for the winter and an arched upright branching habit.

catoneaster lacteus no leaves4

The Cotoneaster genus is huge, possibly 350 or more species (taxonomists differ) and as many as 45 named cultivars. Some species are so similar in leaf and berry appearance that I’m not quite sure if my two are really Cotoneaster lacteus or a closely related species, possibly C. rehderi or even C. rhytidodophyllus. All hail from the Yunnan, Hubei and Sichuan regions of China.

The red berry color deepens as the berries ripen in winter  —  no matter whether the day is a wintery gray or a perfect blue, in shade or sunlight — the berries are always a special treat to see against the sky.

catoneaster lacteus no leaves6Just a week or two ago, the birds have finally decided the berries are worth eating.

catoneaster lacteus birds1Even in the fading twilight, the fast dwindling supply of berries still attract a few stragglers.

catoneaster lacteus birds2In just a few days the birds took care of the ripe berries, but all summer and into the fall they left them untouched so we humans could enjoy them.

cotoneaster-even-closer

Late summer leaves and berries

bamboo-red-flowering-currant-catoneaster

Cotoneaster lacteus? (aka C. parneyi in the trade) contrasting nicely with potted bamboo

Both my Cotoneasters are at least 12 feet high and probably volunteered years ago in the two spots where they currently reside.  I occasionally discover seedlings and smaller volunteers around the garden.  Those are easily dug up and potted on without problems. This winter I’ll work on cutting out the cross branching and refining the shape to show more bare trunks, aiming to duplicate the shape of our native vine maples, which are also easily pruned into multiple trunks.

catoneaster lacteus no leaves3

Please prune me as soon as possible, my leaves are gone and you can see my branches.

So, could this plant get any better?  How about a variegated leaf too.  I’m already lusting for C. lacteus ‘Milkmaid.’

cotoneaster lacteus milkmaidPhoto C. lacteus ‘Milkmaid’ from Jeanette Fryer & Bertil Hylmo Book, Timber Press 2009

The Timber Press book has 200 Plates with close ups of leaves and berries. That’s Cotoneaster rhytidophyllus on the cover.  Looks a lot like C. lacteus doesn’t it?

cotoneaster book coverHere’s the notes on C. lacteus from the book:

Cotoneaster lacteus is common in warm temperature zones of both the northern and southern hemispheres. It is naturalized in the United States on the Californian coastal hills, where it is often found in cultivation as C.parneyi hort. Cotoneaster lacteus is also cultivated in Mexico, Chile, Argentina, South Africa and New Zealand. It is a very useful wind-hardy shrub. It can also be grown as a hedge where the summer growth is pruned to reveal the fruit. A magnificent hedge originating from George Forrest’s collection (Forrest 10419) still stands in Ireland’s National Botanic Gardens at Glasnevin, Dublin; planted in the late 1920s, it is now around 6 m high and 3 m thick. Cotoneaster lacteus has been collected by Jeanette Fryer (JFYU 008) and Keith Rushforth (KR 3929) in NW Yunnan in 1996. Cotoneaster lacteus in spring has striking, erect, tawny-haired new shoots, later covered with flowers which are followed by pretty red winter fruit. Received RHS Award of Merit in 1935 and Award of Garden Merit in 1984. Cultivar: ‘Milkmaid‘ (Plate14), a variegated form, very arresting with fruit which ripens earlier and is shiny red, slower growing than the species. Nonvariegated growth needs to be pruned out.

I’m officially on the lookout for the Milkmaid cultivar and now have the Botanic Gardens at Glasnevin on my list of travel destinations!

Hartley Metal Labels

And now a bit of plant tag nostalgia. Made in England by the British company Clear Span, Hartley Metal Labels are undoubtedly no longer offered for sale anywhere. These “vintage” plant tags were offered to me at recent meeting of the Northwest Chapter of the North American Rock Garden Society.

Hartley Metal Labels

Hartley Metal Labels (Click photo to more easily read instruction sheet)

Age wise, our chapter skews toward the senior end of the spectrum.  Many of us are downsizing and that means going through our gardening stuff. So to raise money for the chapter, the owner who unearthed the labels was offering them at a recent meeting’s silent auction.  She was planning to continue her love of rock garden plants, but no longer had use for these beauties.

hartley label6

I immediately fell in love with the elegant slim labels manufactured of anodized aluminum. The marking surface is slightly concave, which adds to the longevity of the label.

hartley label2

Label written with ordinary #2 pencil

As the manufacturer suggested decades ago, ordinary pencil with a blunt tip and a bit of pressure will render a tag that is legible for at least a season. Better still is to use a “wax pencil,” often referred to as a china or grease pencil.

There’s quite an interesting backstory around the Hartley Metal Label.  My cat Zoe seems to be interested in doing some of the research.

Zoe looking for more info

Zoe looking for more info

Clear Span’s founder, Vincent Hartley started his company in 1938, primarily to make greenhouses.  Hartley, an inventor, entrepreneur and Fellow of the Royal Horticultural Society, was known for quite a few inventions.  You can read more about Vincent Hartley here,  Remembering Vincent Hartley.